Emissions
of chlorinated carbons
OD-6
Ozone
Depletion
Pressure
1 Indicator
definition and unit of measurement
Total
anthropogenic emissions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl
4)
and methyl chloroform (CH
3CCl3),
Montreal Protocol Annex B, Group II and III substances. Emissions of the two
individual compounds are multiplied by their Ozone Depletion potential
[21],
and added together. The unit of measurement is therefore tonnes of total
emissions of CFC-11 per year (CFC-11 is reference).
2 Placement
in the framework
5EAP:
Chapter
4: The themes and targets of the programme, section 5.1: Climate change.
Agenda
21:
Chapter
9: Protection of the atmosphere.
International
conventions and agreements:
The
Montreal Protocol (1987) and its Amendments and Adjustments (London, 1990;
Copenhagen, 1992 and Vienna, 1995).
Council
Regulation (EC) N° 3093/94 of 15.12.94 on substances that deplete the
ozone layer (OJ N° L333, 22.12.94, p.1).
Ranking:
Core
Ranking:
6
(33%)
Policy
Relevance:
6
(2.6)
Analytical
Soundness:
3
(2.5)
Responsiveness:
7
(2.6)
Most
appropriate related state indicator:
Changes
in concentrations of stratospheric ozone.
3 Significance
Purpose:
The
main purpose of this indicator is to monitor anthropogenic sources of carbon
tetrachloride (CCl
4)
and methyl chloroform (CH
3CCl3)
emissions.
Relevance:
Carbon
tetrachloride and its alternative methyl chloroform are major anthropogenic
source gases for stratospheric chlorine, and hence stratospheric ozone
destruction. See also 3. Relevance of the methodology sheet for halons in this
section.
Linkages
to other pressure indicators:
The
indicator is linked to the indicators of other ozone depleting substances.
Furthermore, the indicator is linked with those in the area of Climate Change.
See also 3. Linkages to other pressure indicators of the methodology sheet for
halons in this section.
Targets:
Since
1. January 1996, industrialised countries have been obliged to completely
phase-out carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform (zero production and
consumption; with possible exemption for essential uses). In order to satisfy
the basic domestic needs of developing countries production may exceed by up to
15% of its production level in 1989.
4 Methodological
description and underlying definitions
Underlying
definitions and concepts:
Carbon
tetrachloride and methyl chloroform are human made compounds. Carbon
tetrachloride is used as a fire extinguishing agent, and is used in pesticides
and dry cleaning agents. Methyl chloroform is used for cleaning metal.
Measurement
methods:
Emissions
can be estimated based on the accounting of annual net consumption.
Limitations
of the indicator:
Emission
are hard to estimate.
Alternative
definitions:
Two
indicators representing emissions of carbon tetra chloride and methyl
chloroform separately.
[21]
Ozone
Depletion Potentials:
CFC-11
= 1.0 (Reference)
CCl4
= 1.1
CH4CCl3
= 0.1
