|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
ap-a.1
|
Emissions
of NOx due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.5 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
For
calculations of part due to tourism: 1.8 data are preferred. Through division
with total passenger-km by type of transport a coefficient for estimation of
emissions caused by tourism can be calculated. No. of tourists by type of
transport divided by total no. of passengers by the same transport is one
alternative. As other alternatives distance travelled by means of transport
could by calculated from 1.3 or 1.4 data. Further work will be necessary to
suggest suitable methods of calculation.
|
|
ap-a.2
|
Emissions
of NOx due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.5 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transportation
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number of residentials (NUTIII or smaller)
|
For
calculations of part due to tourism, emissions caused by burning of fossil
fuels for energy purposes (other than transport) should be multiplied with a
coefficient. This coefficient can be had by dividing 1.1 data with data from
3.1 multiplied with 365
|
|
ap-b.1
|
Emissions
of NMVOC due to tourist transportation
|
5.1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of NMVOC from fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missiong as above.
|
|
ap-b.2
|
Emissions
of NMVOC due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.4 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of NMVOC from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials (NUTIII or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
ap-c.1
|
Emissions
of SO2 due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.8 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of SO2 from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
ap-c.2
|
Emissions
of SO2 due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.8 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of SO2 from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials (NUTIII or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
ap-d.1
|
Emissions
of particles due to tourism
transportation
|
5.1.9 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of particles from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1
above. Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
ap-d.2
|
Emissions
of particles due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.9 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of particles from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials (NUTIII or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
ap-e.1
|
Emissions
of CO due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of CO from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1
above. Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
ap-e.2
|
Emissions
of CO due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.2 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of CO from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials (NUTIII or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
cc-a
|
Emissions
of CH4 due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of CH4 from fossil fuels used for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
cc-b.1
|
Emissions
of CO2 due to tourism transportation
|
5.1 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
data by type of transport
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
cc-b.2
|
Emissions
of CO2 due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.1 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
from burning of fossil fuels for energy purposes
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials per region (NUTS III or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
cc-c.1
|
Emissions
of N2O due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.6 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of NO2 from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
cc-c.2
|
Emissions
of N2O due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.6 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of N2O from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials per region (NUTS III or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
cc-d.1
|
Emissions
of NOx due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.5 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of
transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
cc-d.2
|
Emissions
of Nox due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.5 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials per region (NUTS III or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
cce
|
No.
of air conditioned rooms in hotels
|
|
No
data available
|
|
|
cc-f
|
No.
of refrigerators in hotels
|
|
No
data available
|
|
|
ccg.1
|
Emissions
of particles due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.9 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of particles from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of
transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator AP 1.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
cc-g.2
|
Emissions
of particles due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.9 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of particles from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials per region (NUTS III or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator AP 1.2 above.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
lb-a
|
Percentage
of area occupied by tourist establishments in relation to total land area,
within certain types of land, e.g. mountain area, beaches
|
5.3.1 5.3.3 1.10
|
Land
area divided by type of land cover
Area
used for tourism establishments
No.
of hotels and similar establishments
|
Regional
data missing for most countries. Calculation of coefficients of mean area
occupied by tourism establishments of differents types is needed. 5.3.3 have
been found only for 2 countries. Further methodological work is necessary to
investigate how suitable coefficients could be calculated.
|
|
lb-b
|
Percentage
of area changed for tourism purposes
|
1.10
|
Time
series of land cover are missing
No.
of hotels and similar establishments time series
|
Further
methodological work (as above) is necessary.
|
|
lb-c
|
No.
of visitors per km
2
in protected areas
|
5.3.8
|
No.
of visitors to protected areas
|
Data
missing for all countries but France
|
|
lb-d
|
Percentage
of area occupied by roads, railways, to total area of a given country
|
5.3.1 5.3.2
|
Land
area divided by type of land cover
Length
of transportation network by type of transport
|
Data
from SIP transport. Calculations of part due to tourism in the same way as
suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above. Methodological problems if 1.8 data are
missing as above.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
me-a
|
Percentage
of nutrients (N and P)discharged through sewage water, attributable to tourism
|
5.2.5 1.1 3.1
|
Amounts
of nutrients (N and P) discharged to water from public sewarage systems
No.
of overnight stays, regional data
No.
of residentials, regional data
|
Data
identified only for 4 countries. Existing water pollution registers may however
have more useful information. This needs to be further investigated.
Calculations of part due to tourism in the same way assuggested for indicator
ap-a.2 above, for NUTS III boardering coast.
|
|
me-b
|
Percentage
of coastal zones occupied by tourism establishment in relation to total land
area in coastal zones
|
5.3.1 5.3.3 1.10
|
Land
area divided by type of land by regions
Area
used for tourism establishments
No.
of hotels and similar establishments
|
Land
area for NUTS III boardering the coast exist. Calculation of coefficients of
mean area occupied by tourism establishments of differents types is needed
Further methodological work is necessary to investigate how suitable
coefficients could be calculated. Data 5.3.3 have been found only for 2
countries.
|
|
me-c
|
Percentage
of coastal zones changed for tourism purposes
|
1.10
|
Time
series of land cover are missing.
No.
of hotels and similar establishments time series
|
Further
methodological work (as above) is necessary.
|
|
me-d
|
Percentage
of coastal zones covered by roads, railways, ports and airports
|
5.3.1
5.3.2
|
Land
area divided by type of land cover
Length
of transportation network by type of transport
|
Data
for NUTS III boardering the coast line could be used. Calculations of part due
to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
me-e
|
Total
no. of tourists arriving into the country by sea in relation to total no. of
sea passengers
|
1.7 2.7
|
No.
of tourists by transport used
Total
no. of passengers by boat
|
Data
from travel surveys, which means problems with comparability of the data.
|
|
me-f
|
Total
no. of yachts and other pleasure boats arriving into the countries
|
1.11
|
No.
of yachts arriving to ports within a country
|
Data
found only for 1 country.
|
|
me-g
|
Amount
of waste discharged from the increased no. of ships during the tourist season
|
|
No
data found
|
|
|
me-h
|
Discharge
of sewage water to coastal water by type of treatment
|
|
No
data found
|
Although
data have not been identified in existing databases or in publications, data
may be had from existing water pollution registers. Further investigations into
the availability and comparability of these data are needed.
|
|
me-i
|
Percentage
of organic substances (BOD) discharged through sewage water attributable to
tourism
|
5.2.4 1.1 3.1
|
Amounts
of organic substances (BOD) discharged to water from public sewarage systems
No.
of overnight stays, regional data
No.
of residentials, regional data
|
The
same comments as for me-a above are relevant also for this indicator.
|
|
me-l
|
No.
of boats, yachts rented by tourists
|
|
No
data have been identified
|
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
od-a
|
No.
of air conditioned rooms in hotels
|
|
No
data available
|
|
|
od-b
|
No.
of refrigerators in hotels
|
|
No
data available
|
|
|
od-c.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emissions
of Nox due to tourism transportation
|
5.1.5 1.3 1.4 1.7
- 1.8
2.1
- 2.8
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for transport purposes
Travellers
by place of residence
Travellers
by main destination
No.
of tourists and passenger-km travelled for tourism purposes, by type of transport
Total
no. of passengers and passenger-km by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
Methodological problems if 1.8 data are missing as above.
|
|
od-c.2
|
Emissions
of Nox due to energy used for tourism accomodation
|
5.1.5 1.1 3.1
|
Emissions
of NOx from use of fossil fuels for energy purposes (other than transport)
Number
of overnight stays per region (NUTS III or smaller)
Number
of residentials per region (NUTS III or smaller)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
rd-a
|
Annual
use of mineral oil or natural gas as a fuel attributable to tourism
|
4.2
|
Use
of fossil fuels for transport, by type of transport
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.1 above.
|
|
rd-b
|
Water
abstraction due to tourism, in relation to total water abstraction for
household purposes, divided by groundwater and surface water
|
5.2.1 5.2.2
|
Water
abstraction by type of water
Water
supply by type of supply (public supply, self supply, other) and by sector
(domestic and others)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
As alternative water use per person and day for residents could be calculated
and used as a coefficients also for the water used by tourists per day.
Multiplication with the number of tourist overnight stays will then give the
indicator proposed.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
up-a
|
Discharge
of sewage water within "tourist urban-areas", attributable to tourism, by type
of treatment
|
|
No
data identified, so far
|
Although
data have not been identified in existing databases or in publications, data
may be had from existing water pollution registers. Further investigations into
the availability and comparability of these data are needed.
|
|
up-b
|
Water
supply to the tourism sector within "tourist urban-areas"
|
5.2.2 1.1 3.1
|
Water
supply by type of supply (public supply, self supply, other) and by sector
(domestic and others)
No.
of overnight stays, by region
No.
of residentials, by region
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
As alternative water use per person and day for residents could be calculated
and used as a coefficients also for the water used by tourists per day.
Multiplication with the number of tourist overnight stays will then give the
indicator proposed.
|
|
up-c
|
Percentage
of waste attributable to tourism, within "tourist urban- areas"
|
5.4.1 5.4.2 1.1 3.1
|
Total
amounts of municipal wastes
Household
waste per person
No.
of overnight stays, by region
No.
of residentials, by region
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
Amount of household waste produced per person and day for residents could be
calculated as a coefficients also for the wastes produced by tourists per day.
Multiplication with the no. of tourist overnight stays will then give the
indicator proposed.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
wp-a
|
Water
abstraction due to tourism in relation to total water abstraction for household
purposes, divided by groundwater and surface water
|
5.2.1 5.2.2 1.1 3.1
|
Water
abstraction by type of water by region
Water
supply by type of supply (public supply, self supply, other) and by sector
(domestic and others)
No.
of overnight stays, by region
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
As alternative water use per person and day for residents could be calculated
and used as a coefficients also for the water used by tourists per day.
Multiplication with the number of tourist overnight stays will then give the
indicator proposed.
|
|
wp-b
|
Total
no. of tourists arriving into the country by inland boat, in relation to total
inland boat passengers
|
1.7 2.7
|
No.
of tourist travellers by transport used (data from travel surveys)
Total
no. of passengers by boat
|
Inland
boat passenger transport can not be separated from total passenger transport by
boat
|
|
wp-c
|
Discharge
of sewage water to lakes and rivers attributable to tourism, by type of treatment
|
|
No
data identified, so far
|
Although
data have not been identified in existing databases or in publications, data
may be had from existing water pollution registers. Further investigations into
the availability and comparability of these data are needed.
|
|
Indicator
|
Available
Data
|
Comments
|
||
|
wa-a
|
Percentage
of wastes attributable to tourism
|
5.4.1
|
Total
amount of municipal wastes, divided by household waste and other (data from SIP
waste)
|
Calculations
of part due to tourism in the same way as suggested for indicator ap-a.2 above.
Household waste as part of total municipal wastes should be calculated for the
whole country. A coefficient of amount of waste per person could be used to
regionalize the data.
|